Allocating the capacity of shared energy storage for wind farm groups based on the over-limit power export risk

Energy storage in wind farms can stabilize the fluctuation of wind power output. Shared energy storage can reduce the construction cost of energy storage devices and stimulate the enthusiasm of wind farms to invest in energy storage. The wind power base is composed of multiple wind farm groups. Existing research methods did not consider how to allocate shared energy storage among wind farm groups in the wind power base. This paper proposes an energy storage capacity allocation method for wind farm groups. Firstly, a bilevel model for the shared energy storage allocation is established. The upper-level model optimizes the shared energy storage allocation of each wind farm group with the goal of minimizing the over-limit power export risk in the wind power base; The lower-level model calculates the over-limit power export of each wind farm group according to the energy storage capacity allocation and transfers the value of over-limit power export to the upper-level model. The bilevel model can be converted to a two-stage model that can be solved sequentially; The wind power base in Belgium is used for numerical simulation to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model. Finally, the sensitivity of confidence level, total energy storage capacity, and risk preference factor are analyzed.