Simultaneous Determination of Paracetamol and Omnipaque by Differential Pulse Voltammetry with Application to Natural Tomato, Carrot, Cucumber Juices and Wastewater

This study provides information about the analytical technique (Differential Pulse Voltammetry), the substances being analyzed (Paracetamol and Omnipaque), the type of electrode used (Boron-Doped Diamond Electrode), and the diverse applications of the method to different sample types (Natural Tomato, Carrot, Cucumber Juices, and Wastewater). Analytical methods have been developed for the individual determination of PCM and OMP, as well as for the simultaneous determination of these analytes with other pharmaceutical and biologically active compounds. Voltammetric studies allowed us to have well-defined oxidation peaks at distinct potentials of OMP (E = 0.5 V/SCE) and PCM (E = 0.7 V/SCE). Under optimized conditions, well-defined quantities of OMP and PCM, introduced simultaneously by metered additions, gave linear responses in concentration ranges of 259.8 - 467.2 µM for OMP and 58.73 - 116.3 µ M PCM. The detection limits obtained are 7.23 µM and 3.6 µM respectively for OMP and PCM with recovery rates be- tween 85.8% ± 0.1% and 92.6% ± 0.1% for OMP and between 99.9% ± 0.1% and 101.2% ± 0.4% for the PCM. This technique has been successfully used to simultaneously detect these pharmaceuticals in these complex environments. It allows recovery of OMP and PCM respectively up to 97.5% ± 0.0% and 91.6% ± 0.3% in tomato juice; 100.0% ± 0.0% and 95.2% ± 0.2% in carrot juice; 101.4% ± 0.1% and 97.3% ± 0.3% in cucumber juice; 100.1% ± 0.9% and 100.9% ± 0.1% in wastewater. The relevance of this technique for the simultaneous detection of OMP and PCM in tomato, carrot, cucumber juices and in waste water can be studied in the context of the contamination of certain fruits and vegetables by the substances organic pharmaceuticals released into the environment without prior treatment. The results obtained allow us to conclude that DPV can be used with many advantages for the quantitative determination of these drugs, alone or in combination, as they are commonly found in pharmaceutical formulations.