Comparison of tracheal tube cuff pressure with two techniques: fixed volume versus pilot balloon palpation

Introduction: Filling tracheal tube cuff (TTC) after intubation is necessary to provide a safe airway in intubated patients. On the other hand, excessive increase or decrease in the pressure of TTC’s balloon leads into the dangerous complications such as necrosis and/or aspiration. Accordingly, in the present study, we tried to evaluate the most two common fixed volume and pilot balloon palpitation methods to control TTC pressure.
Methods: In a prospective cross-sectional study that was carried out in the emergency department of Tabriz Imam Reza hospital upon 194 patients who needed intubation and from April 2015 to June 2016. The patients were randomly allocated into two equal groups. For the first the Pilot Balloon Palpation technique and for the second group 10 cc fixed volume cuff filling technique was assigned. After that, the pressure was checked with manometer and data were analyzed using SPSS software.
Results: TTC pressure average in fixed volume group was 44.96±21.77 cmH2O and for palpation group, it was 118.15±22.15 cmH2O. There was a meaningful difference between two groups in terms of cuff inside pressure (P value <0.001) and it was meaningfully lower in fixed volume group than the first one.
Conclusion: The present study showed that pilot balloon palpation or fixed volume method was not appropriate methods to assess cuff pressure during intubation and the cuff pressure must be controlled by the manometer.